Narrative Review on Role of Streptococcus mutans in Dental Caries and Homoeopathic Intervention

Abstract

This study is to report on Streptococcus mutans, which is one of the important bacteria that cause dental caries. The prevalence of dental caries is very high and varied across India. Dental caries is a major public health problem, an urgent need of oral health educational programs. S. mutans play a central role in plaque formation. Its virulence factor can form a biofilm known as dental plaque on tooth surfaces. S. mutans is a gram-positive coccus; intake of easily fermentable carbohydrates (usually sucrose) stimulates oral bacterial growth. S. mutans Pathophysiology of dental decay focused on dynamic pH phenomena that
occur between the plague and enamel surface. The review study is based on the review article and preclinical studies; in vitro studies, in vivo, clinical trials are documented that antibacterial medicines are used as an antibacterial agent against S. mutans. Calcarea phosphorica is one of the frequently prescribed Homoeopathic medicines for dental disease. The use of Homoeopathic intervention is elaborated in the present review. Databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane, Wiley, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, DOAJ were searched, and relevant articles were used for reviewing purposes. We recognised that further research is needed to prevent and treat dental caries with oral hygiene awareness based on the results.